Wednesday, 2 March 2011

Expressions et mots français employés en anglais/French words or expressions used in English

Over the years, the English language has borrowed a great number of French words and expressions. Some of this vocabulary has been so completely absorbed by English that you might not realize its origins (mayonnaise, touché...). Other words and expressions have retained their "Frenchness" (a certain je ne sais quoi ) which you tend to be much more aware of.
Here is a list of  common french words or expressions that you use in English:


C'est la vie: Same meaning and usage in English and in French


Cliché: expression, idea, or element of an artistic work which has been overused to the point of losing its original meaning or effect, rendering it a stereotype


Cul de sac: Dead-end street


Déjà vuThis is a grammatical structure in French, as in "Je l'ai déjà vu"=> I've already seen it. It can also disparage a style or technique that has already been done, as in "Son style est déjà vu" => His style is not original. 
In English, déjà vu refers to the scientific phenomenon of feeling like you have already seen or done something when you're sure that you haven't.


Fiancé(e)engaged person, betrothed

Je ne sais quoiUsed to indicate a "certain something," as in "I really like Ann. She has a certain je ne sais quoi that I find very appealing."


Joie de vivre: The quality in people who live life to the fullest


Laissez-faire: A policy of non-interference


Pot pourriA scented mixture of dried flowers and spices; a miscellaneous group or collection


Raison d'êtrePurpose, justification for existing 


Rendez-vousIn French, this refers to a date or an appointment (literally, it is the verb se rendre - to go - in the imperative); in English we can use it as a noun or a verb (let's rendez-vous at 8pm).


RSVPThis abbreviation stands for Répondez, s'il vous plaît, which means that "Please RSVP" is redundant.


Touché: Originally used in fencing, now equivalent to "you got me."


A lot of  french words and expressions are used in English in areas where France is known for being good at: food and fashion.











Food related:

Bon appétit!
Champagne
Cordon bleu: Master chef
Crème brûléeBaked custard with carmelized crust
Crème fraîche (fresh cream)
Croissant
Entrée
Filet mignon
Mayonnaise
Pâté
Soufflé
Sous chef
Fashion related:

Art déco (short for « art décoratif »)
Art nouveau : Characterized by flowers, leaves, and flowing lines
Avant-garde: Innovative, especially in the arts
Brunette: The French word brun, dark-haired, is what English really means by "brunette." The -ette suffix indicates that the subject is small and female.
Chic
Démodéoutmoded, out of fashion
Dernier cri: The newest fashion or trend
Haute couture: High-class, fancy (and expensive) clothes